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Air anxiety: how to prevent a fire in the ventilation system

During the construction of modern buildings, especially for commercial purposes, they necessarily designed and installed fresh air system and exhaust ventilation. In hotels and restaurants set, as a rule, the duct system for the common areas and air ducts to ensure the process of cooking. Why do you need to keep the system clean and what is fraught with delayed treatment – in our article

Aerial need

In any room where people work, the air must be supported by an appropriate balance of moisture and carbon dioxide. This balance is achieved through the delivery of fresh and clean air into the room and out of his polluted air.

The air in the human life is perhaps even more important than food and water. Without food a person can live for several weeks without water – a few days. But without air the human body dies in a few minutes.

Drawing. Daily human needs

In food – 1 kg

In the water – 2L

In the air – 15 000 l

But health is important not just air, and clean air. Effects on the body and the temperature of the inhaled air, so assignment of the ventilation system is not only proper ventilation, but also to change its temperature (heating / cooling). The ventilation ducts formed favorable environment for the development of bacteria, fungi and various hazardous organisms, which fall into the room from the ventilation systems.

Previously we cleaned around the world, mainly exhaust ventilation, and later there is a need to clean and fresh air. The most important reason – the fire safety requirements. But now the situation is changing, and in the near future, the main motive for cleaning of ventilation will still care about the quality of indoor air.

It should be understood that the ventilation and air conditioning systems of large shopping centers and hotels can be a real breeding grounds for pathogens Legionella pneumonia (and other diseases), which over the years developed into a comfortable environment ducts unless they are cleaned and disinfected in a timely manner. The presence of mud sediments leads to narrowing of the air ducts and ventilation systems all begin to operate under the additional load. This reduces the service life of mechanisms, increases repair costs and significantly affects the use of electricity.

If no action is taken to service air cleaning system at this stage, in the course of further operation of facilities at the air ducts and ventilation systems elements occurs accumulation of debris, dust, grease and dirt. This not only prevents fresh air supply into the premises itself, but also significantly increases the risk of fire and smoke inside the premises, other emergencies.

First of all, it is extremely dangerous fatty deposits in the ducts of cafes, restaurants and hotels. Their accumulation leads to a narrowing of the duct, preventing normal air, which often leads to disruption of the process. This can become a source of fire, which quickly spread throughout the building ventilation system.

As the “fresh” example illustrating this phenomenon can cause a fire in November one of the restaurants in the central part of Kiev. As established by the rescuers, a fire occurred on the first floor, in the restaurant kitchen ventilation system and spread quickly to the second floor of an apartment house.

Summary: Dirty air ducts of ventilation and air conditioning systems create the preconditions in a fire.

monitoring of pollution

Following the example to fire a question arises – how to improve the efficiency of ventilation systems, improve ventilation, to ensure the safe operation of air ducts and equipment? Of course, you must follow the internal state of the air ducts and clean them when dirty. But how do you know that the system needs to be cleaned? Disassemble, inspect, clean, collect? That prospect is unlikely to please the owner of the hotel or restaurant, if the air purification system has a few hundred meters. Removal and installation of “costing a pretty penny.” And for the delay can be paid fire. Do not take hasty decisions.

There is another, more economical and reliable solution. It is necessary to regularly videoinspetsiyu ducts along the entire length, without exception, including the vertical sections. As well as visual inspection of ventilation elements for checking their parameters. Depending on these results it will be clear whether a complete duct cleaning should be carried out along the entire length, without disassembly, and if necessary – to carry out their disinfection. How is this possible? More on that later.

Cleaning of ventilation systems: requirements and standards

The frequency of cleaning depends upon the type of ventilation system. The more frequent cleaning of exhaust systems require restaurants kitchens.Frequency of work is set by the results of the video inspection of ventilation systems and kitchen operating frequency, and ranges from 1-2 times a year 1-2 times a month.

The frequency of cleaning kitchen exhaust and supply systems in the world is governed by the relevant standards, which take into account, first of all, as far as the kitchen in an institution operated intensively. Accordingly, the larger the daily load, the more the ventilation system needs to be cleaned to ensure the continued safe operation of the institution.

Table 1. Interval cleaning suction channels in the kitchen in catering establishments *

 

intensity of useRunning time per dayinterval cleaning
intensive12-16Minimum 3 months
Average6 12Minimum 6 months
Below the average2- 6Minimum 12 months

* According to the HVCA requirements (Heating and Ventilating Contractors’ Association(Contractors Association of Heating and ventilation) .1998 g

* According to the HVCA requirements (Heating and Ventilating Contractors’ Association(Contractors Association of Heating and ventilation) .1998 g

Along with cleaning the ventilation ducts, it is also important grease cleaningand dirt hoods and grills in the kitchen.

In Ukraine, the content of the clean ventilation systems, as well as in other countries, is governed by regulations. First of all, it’s an order of Emergencies of Ukraine №126 from 19.10.2004 “On the Rules of zatverdzhennya pozhezhnoї BEZPEKA in Ukraїnі (NFPA A.01.001-2004).” This order is governed by the responsibility of all building owners to clean as the air supply and exhaust ventilation system at least once a year.

And if an institution is not frequented by inspectors checking compliance with these requirements, do not relax. If you do not fined for neudovletvooritelnoe condition duct system – this is not a reason for joy. Good mood in an instant can ruin vvnezapno fire broke out. Losses from it is much more serious than that of the fine. You can also use “old-fashioned” methods to evaluate the effectiveness of which can be on the table.

Table 2. Alternative purification methods (obsolete).

types of treatmentBenefitsdisadvantages
Manuallow costThe limitations of the cleaning area (where the hand would get) the inability to clean without disassembling the entire system
hydrodynamiclow costThe need for disassembly; purification method involves scrubbing with the pressure vessel (large flow of water)

Systems approach

Before you take up a brush and a rag to get to know the real state of the ventilation system. Cleaning services for HVAC systems – a range of activities. But it all begins with the diagnosis. Video inspection (videoobsledovanie) ventilation is the first, and one of the most important stages of the cleaning of air ducts and vents. It allows you to identify the real causes of violations of ventilating systems, determine the status of the ventilation duct and the degree of contamination. Often, as experience shows, videoobsledovanie duct gives the customer even an idea of ​​the actual circuit of the ventilation system. After all, the existing project documentation (and it is not always available to the owner of the building) often does not match the actual configuration of ventilation ducts.

The results are recorded and provided to the customer for an independent and reasoned decision to conduct cleaning of ventilation structures of the building. Incidentally, in the specialized service companies say that when he saw the state of the record ducts, in most cases, the customer will immediately take a decision on carrying out cleaning.

Videoobsledovanie vents allows also to determine malfunction of the ventilation system:

•the presence of debris (after repair or construction)
•Duct damage;
•broken flap valves and fire;
•the presence of foreign objects in the channels;
•other violations.

Often during videoobsledovaniya ventilation systems to determine the extent of contamination by dust, dirt or grease.

VideoobsledovanieIt detects and such “artifacts” like beer bottles, bird remains of rodents. In such cases, the owners of establishments are not enough arguments to convince that the ventilation system supplies fresh air.

According to the results of the survey a professional contractor makes recommendations on the need for cleaning of the ventilation system and the frequency of its implementation. ventilation ducts survey results necessarily backed up by video.

Video inspection necessarily performed after the works on cleaning of the ventilation system. The video report is applied to the act of completion, and allows the customer to see real change in your air ducts before and after cleaning.But who conducts the survey?

Four-inspector

To understand the state of the duct, you can resort to the help of the electronic assistant, because we live in the 21st century! Mission dirty and thankless work quickly and easily perform a small robot with four wheels. By their vigilance and mobility it resembles a spider. But, unlike him, is not only good to “see” in the dark, but also able to highlight the place that hosts and transmit the image of the state of the inspected area on the operator monitor. Video inspection robot inspector is able to hold the entire length of the ventilation system. Making his way into the belly of the duct, it performs the following tasks:

– assessment of the degree of contamination of air ducts and other ventilation system components;

-cleaning duct (pits) of the brush machine, and a fence contaminated material from the ventilation system vacuum unit;

-povtornaya Video inspection for quality assessment and recording it for the customer.

“The cost of video inspection of air ducts with the help of a professional robot inspector in Ukraine is 1000 UAH. and above – describedAlexander Karmazin, director of “Forline” (Kiev) –  It is always calculated individually after understanding the situation at the facility. Pricing affect the length of the duct configuration, the complexity of the access(Ceiling height cluttered with equipment, roof configuration, etc.)., Duct material, as well as the degree of contamination and the urgency of the work. “

An important role in fire safety plays an installation inspection (audit) hatches in the duct. It is mandatory in terms of legislation (regulated by the Rules of fire safety). Their presence facilitates the examination of any portion of the duct. Another important factor is that the presence of such hatches allows the cleaning and disinfection of the duct along the entire length without complete or partial disassembly.

Inspection hatches are of different sizes, they can be used to ductwork round and rectangular.

Quality inspection hatchesMost often made of galvanized steel, and provide a high level of tightness and fire resistance. Under the influence of high temperature during a fire hatches retain their sectional structure by melting even latches.

Duct cleaning in restaurants

Currently in Ukraine, more managers and owners of restaurants, coffee shops and cafes come to understand that the cleaning of ventilation systems (ducts, hoods, grills) is necessary and useful. This procedure is governed by law, and the fire inspector can easily write out a decree to stop the work of the kitchen (and every minute of downtime – it’s a waste of money!). In addition, if you do not clean the ventilation, you can be faced with more serious problems. First of all, with the risk of fire!Among the most common problems, Svzannyh with duct cleanliness in the area of ​​catering, you can select are as follows:

•fat seepage at the joints (at the bottom);
•fire effects,which was extinguished;
•poor ventilation of traction;
•complicated access to the ventilation area (bricked up in a wall ceiling, floor, etc.);
•increased energy consumption, and the filters require more frequent replacement in comparison with the regulations;
•a permanent ‘kitchen smell “throughout the institution.

Guide EVHA (The European Ventilation Hygiene Association – European Association for ventilation and hygiene) Cleaning and risk management for adipose ventilation systems (2006), section 9 requires special cleaning kitchen extraction systems based on measurement of the lubricating oil and coatings using meter for measuring contamination levels (see. Table 3).

Table 3 Actions with air depending on the degree of contamination

The results of measurements on the mud layer thickness walls voduhovodov, micronsDescriptionActions
0 – 50PurelyReport
50 – 200Acceptableroutine inspection
200 – 300dirtilyscheduled treatment
300 – 600Very dirtyEmergency treatment
600+unacceptablySystem Stop operation before purification

If the manager thinksof trouble the restaurant, there is a sense  Video inspection orderthe state of ventilation ducts with a record of results to disk. This procedure will provide a reliable picture of what is happening in the ventilation system.

video inspection results will show whether the treatment, and to order it, if necessary, by a professional contractor needs. TOundisputed advantages of the combined use of a mechanical cleaning method using art spetsilizirovannoy include the following:

– the duct cleaning method has long been recognized as the standard for cleaning of ventilation systems in Europe and the world;
Cleaning does not even require partial disassembly;

– ventilation channels cleaned the entire length;

The effectiveness of this method of service is divided into ducts Plakhotnaya Vera, the manager of the restaurant “Fish in the fire”, Kiev“Cleaning the ventilation system by cleaning without disassembly, using a” robotic cleaner “, we conducted regularly, at least once a month. The results of the contractor company, we are quite satisfied. It causes no comments condition of our systems and control services that check the ventilation system. “

At the same time, other methods are occasionally used by companies engaged in cleaning of air ducts, is meant by a complete or partial disassembly of ventilation. This requires competent dismantling and subsequent installation, to check for leaks and vibration. In reality, it is almost never enforced. Thus, the likelihood is high that the newly assembled ventilation will not have sufficient integrity.
Cleaning air ducts of the fat with the help of professional equipment allows us not to stop workeven for a day. Podryadichka service staff can adjust to the schedule of the client. In this way,institution does not lose money because of idle cuisine(Which occurs when partial or total disassembly of ventilation).
Svoeremennoe work on cleaning ventilation systems of fat will help solve a number of problems.

•Significantly reduces the risk of firein the ventilation system. Unfortunately, many people forget that it is the kitchen exhaust system in catering establishments are particularly dangerous in case of fire. According to statistics, a frequent cause of fire is timely untreated air ducts and hoods above the hob.
•Extends the life of the ventilating equipment. If contaminated ductwork equipment starts to work literally wear. For example, unbalance may occur in the blades due to the fanadheringfat. As a consequence, failure and costly repairs or replacement.
•Reduces power consumption and filter change frequency (money saving!)

Cleaning of ventilation (air duct) at the hotel.

One of the most popular services on the ventilation cleaning, this cleaning of air ducts and other elements of ventilation systems in hotels all over Ukraine. Cleaning the air of dust and grease in hotels It refers to the so-called industrial cleaning services.Many Ukrainian hotels, especially those who work on the basis of Western standards management should conduct air cleaning at least twice a year. In particular, when it comes to exhaust systems kitchens of restaurants, and cleaning them from fat.
Tatiana Vakulenko, Technical director of the hotel “Riviera” Kiev, Spoke about the experience of the hotel to clean the ventilation system: “The designers and builders of large buildings are not always properly respect the installation of ventilation technology. As a result, auditing hatches may be sewn with plasterboard, while there are also cases in immuring duct wall. When the length of the duct in a few tens of meters when they have a branch, corner joints and are arranged vertically, they can not be manually cleaned. Even with improvised means you can do no more than a few meters. hotel chains standards require regular duct cleaning is using special equipment. It allows you to clean without disassembling the communication.

We asked the companies providing such services. We were struck not only the video recording of the status channels “before” and “after.” Due to the strong pollution boxes first cleaning, according to the director of the company – the contractor was not as effective as it should have been. He said that our director and the safety engineer must be sure that the system will present no surprises. On his orders, the staff had a repeated cleaning for free, bringing state of the duct to the desired condition. This served as an additional factor to the long-term cooperation with this company. “
The main reasons that encourage hotels to make a decision on cleaning following ventilation:

•fire risk reductionresulting grease fires and dust in the air duct;
•reduction in power consumption(And ventilation units for cleaning work in near to the standard);
•improved sanitary conditions for both the hotel staff and guests.

Mandatory procedure before and after cleaning air ducts is videoobsledovanie duct using a special robot inspector. It should be noted that the video inspection of air ducts in the hotel you need to do is not a dot, and for the rest of theirextent. .

Often the contamination and the technical condition of the different parts of the ventilation system can be radically different. Therefore, the point estimate of individual sections of ventilation systems via, for example, a video endoscope, will not be indicative of a situation evaluation in a ventilation system as a whole.

Types of cleaning of ventilation in the hotel

Cleaning air ducts hotels from dust, dirtand foreign objects. As a rule, we are talking about cleaning Ventilation systems and exhaust ventilation systems. Most often bought the hotel clean from dust and dirt laundry ducts.

•Cleaning the ventilation fans and umbrellas from the fat of the hotel restaurant.
•Cleaning the boiler flues by soot and other contaminants.

Depending on the type of duct cleaning type impurities, may be used various kinds of special tools, accessories and brushes. For example, forDuct cleaning laundry in the hotel from dust and dirt  uses standard brushes (nylon bristles of standard hardness) and required vacuum machine to remove dust from the ventilation system. DA clean kitchen ventilation fat commonly used brush type Tayneks (coated with SiC), body brushes (brush with stiff bristles to clean specially from the fat thickness of 1.0 mm and 2.5 mm), metal brushes (made of stainless steel brush for cleaning from hard impurities ventilation) and in some cases and a brush-cutter (special cutters to help remove the duct from the most sophisticated “become attached” pollution).

Work on cleaning the air ducts and other elements of ventilation systems in hotels require the contractor to special attention and level of service. Service employees shall not cause discomfort to personnel and guests of the hotel. Therefore, many of the works, especially for fat removal from air ducts and hoods in the kitchen, carried out at night when the kitchen does not work. Speaking about the need to clean the air ducts, it is appropriate to say what will happen if they are not clean:

•Multiple increase the likelihood of fires.
•The progressive reduction in air circulation in the premises.
•Falling staff efficiency by 25-45% (according to WHO), depending on the degree of contamination.
•Increase in the incidence of staff by 30% (according to WHO).

To entrust the cleaning of ventilation?

First of all, the potential contractor should ask Methods used. All the works on cleaning of ventilation and air conditioning systems must be carried out only specialized organization with use of modern technologies and equipment, allowing to clean the air ducts over the entire length, without disassembly. It is also important for the contractor is to have the appropriate license to conduct these works, which indicates a systematic and professional approach.

Another important criterion when choosing a contractor – its ability to carry outvideoobsledovanieand cleaning systems anywhere in the Ukraine, because such needs arise not only in the capital and big cities. It will be useful to ask recommendations from other customers who have used such a service, like cleaning air ducts. Believe me, the experience of cleaning ventilation is important.

The simplest indicator of professionalism of the future contractor – availability of specialized equipment for diagnostics (special robot-Inspector), and cleaning of ventilation systems (brush machine, vacuum unit, and so forth.).

It is also essential that the contractor was ready to adjust to the operation of your institution, without breaking the schedule of its work. Therefore, your institution continues to generate income even during the difficult work of cleaning of ventilation systems.

Taking into account the current environmental situation of big cities, in our lungs gets a huge variety of chemical compounds, including substances such as carbon monoxide, lead, sulfur dioxide heavy metals. Design houses may also be in danger. That’s actually why, in almost all office and residential buildings, installed ventilation systems. In operation, ventilation inside and sometimes outside surface of the duct “overgrown” various deposition-dust (Components and Technology), body fat, which multiply harmful to human organisms, pathogenic fungi, mites saprophytes, which leads to lower efficiency, and and human diseases. Deposits in ventilation systems lead to difficulty system regulation, and therefore, to reduce the number of supply and exhaust air, perhaps even 100% blockage of the ventilation duct. First duct cleaning problem was solved by replacing them. In modern times, there are special techniques that make the removal of debris in ducts is possible without disassembling the ventilation channels along the entire length.

So what is necessary to clean the air? Firstly, timely cleaning of the ventilation system can help you avoid costly repair ventilation equipment will save your money. Second, timely cleaning and disinfection of ventilation system protects your health, the health of your family, employees or tenants. Proper and timely cleaning of the ventilation system, guarantees that users and visitors to the building will breathe exceptionally clean, healthy air. Third, cleaning ventilation systems, fire safety guarantee of the building and all the people that are therein, the rate of your responsibility for their lives and safety. Fourthly, and most importantly, clean air is required in terms of legislation. The main task of the ventilation-cleaning to remove contaminants, such as dust, debris and moisture from the ventilation system to air passing through the ventilation system is not in contact with contaminated surfaces. Microorganisms, mites, bacteria and fungi can cause various diseases ulyudey, in the room.www.alfavent.com.ua

Benefits resulting from cleaning of ventilation.

-Meet sanitary standards -ponizhenny risk of fire -Increase the life of fans, air conditioners. -komfortny microclimate in industrial and residential areas -increasing performance -Reduction incidence Personnel

– people’s health;

– a comfortable indoor climate – good performance of staff, lack of increased fatigue and sleepiness; – Reduced risk of fire – an increase in the service life of fans and air conditioners;

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